12/5/2023 0 Comments Atc 70 plasticsThis port traded in camphor extracted from the Borneo camphor trees ( Dryobalanops aromatica) that were abundant in the region. In Old Malay, camphor was called kapur barus, meaning "the chalk of Barus", referring to Barus, an ancient port near modern Sibolga on the western coast of Sumatra. The word camphor derived in the 14th century from Old French: camphre, itself from Medieval Latin: camfora, from Arabic: كافور, romanized: kāfūr, perhaps through Sanskrit: कर्पूर, romanized: karpūra, apparently from Austronesian Malay: kapur 'lime' (chalk). Camphor has few uses but is of historic significance as a compound that is readily purified from natural sources. The structure on the left is the naturally occurring (+)-camphor ((1 R,4 R)-bornan-2-one), while its mirror image shown on the right is the (−)-camphor ((1 S,4 S)-bornan-2-one). ![]() The compound is chiral, existing in two possible enantiomers as shown in the structural diagrams. Camphor can also be synthetically produced from oil of turpentine. A major source of camphor in Asia is camphor basil (the parent of African blue basil). Rosemary leaves ( Rosmarinus officinalis) contain 0.05 to 0.5% camphor, while camphorweed ( Heterotheca) contains some 5%. It also occurs in some other related trees in the laurel family, notably Ocotea usambarensis. It is found in the wood of the camphor laurel ( Cinnamomum camphora), a large evergreen tree found in East Asia and in the kapur tree ( Dryobalanops sp.), a tall timber tree from South East Asia. It is classified as a terpenoid and a cyclic ketone. Camphor ( / ˈ k æ m f ər/) is a waxy, colorless solid with a strong aroma.
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